• Affirm (AFRM) recently rallied, but don’t expect the upswing to last.
• Consumer sentiment has reached an 11-year low, retail sales growth is slowing and U.S. debt keeps rising.
• Avoid AFRM stock, as its business model can make it susceptible to fallout from these issues.

Affirm (NASDAQ:AFRM), a consumer financing firm, reported its fiscal 2022 third-quarter results on May 12. It beat forecasts for earnings per share (EPS) and revenue, but it’s unlikely to be enough for AFRM stock to have found a bottom.

Affirm reported a GAAP EPS loss of 19 cents, beating expectations by 37 cents. Its revenue reached $354.8 million, exceeding forecasts by $10.8 million. Both of these figures are undoubtedly good news.

AFRM stock rose from a closing price of $18.04 on May 12, the date of the earnings report, to $25.71 on May 19. It was a nice short-term rally of nearly 43% in two weeks. But is this momentum sustainable now? I have my doubts based on three economic indicators.

Consumer Sentiment Reached an 11-Year Low

The first indicator is that consumer sentiment has fallen recently:

“The University of Michigan consumer sentiment for the US fell to 59.1 in May of 2022, the lowest since August of 2011, from 65.2 in April and below market forecasts of 64, as Americans remained concerned over the inflation. The current economic conditions index fell to 63.6, the lowest in 13 years while the expectations gauge sank to 56.2 from 62.5.”

This is important because consumer sentiment tracks prospects for individual finances as well as the U.S. economy over the short- and long-term. This low coincides with rising interest rates and high inflation, which are not beneficial to AFRM stock.

AFRM Stock and Slowing Retail Sales Growth

U.S. retail sales increased 0.9% in April of 2022, but have slowed down for the third consecutive month after a peak in January.

Why is this worrisome? It has to do with one key word: recession. One way to measure the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the expenditure approach, which calculates this figure partially based on consumption. The other parts of the equation are government spending, investments and net exports.

Lower consumption measured by retail sales will lead to lower GDP growth. If it occurs, a slowdown of the economy will not be good news for Affirm or the overall economy.

The U.S. Debt Balance Total Keeps Rising

According to the New York Fed, the “U.S. total household debt increased by $266 billion (1.7%) to $15.84 trillion in the first quarter of 2022.” This is the highest level seen since July 2019.

I consider this trend unhealthy because too much debt is never good for a business or an individual. Affirm may have to face subsequent problems.

Consider this: consumers may one day will realize that even “buy now, pay later” (BNPL) payments are still a form of debt. In this context, they may prioritize their debt, cut back on spending and try to reduce expenses to pay off what they owe. If this scenario occurred on a massive scale, it would be Affirm’s worst nightmare.

With these three factors in mind, I continue to be bearish on AFRM stock.

On the date of publication, Stavros Georgiadis, CFA  did not have (either directly or indirectly) any positions in the securities mentioned in this article. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, subject to the InvestorPlace.com Publishing Guidelines.